Introduction

Diseases of the digestive tract in ruminants comprise major clinical problems, and sometimes, these either remain undiagnosed or fail to respond to medicinal treatment which ultimately results in major economic loss for the farmers. One commonly seen condition in the field that remains undiagnosed is diaphragmatic hernia (DH). Among all ruminants, DH has been found to have a higher occurrence in buffaloes. Buffalo is an important meat animal as well as the major dairy species in India, which contributes over 50% of the total milk production in the country The diaphragm is a dome-shaped musculotendinous barrier between the thoracic and abdominal cavity. It separates the thoracic organs like the heart and lungs from abdominal organs like the rumen, reticulum, intestines, liver, spleen, etc. A diaphragmatic hernia occurs when one or more abdominal organs enter the thoracic cavity through a congenital or acquired defect in the diaphragm. Commonly the reticulum is herniated into the thoracic cavity (Bisla et al.2002). It is more prevalent in buffalo than other